(Of course, you'd do multiple checks to ensure it is any of the different mountain tiles, etc.)
Special 0x7F returns the behaviour and background bytes of the tile at the given co-ordinates to 0x8004 and 0x8005, respectively. So, for example, if you wanted to check if the tile to the right of the player is a sign post, you could do something like this:
...
getplayerpos 0x8004 0x8005
addvar 0x8004 0x1
special 0x7F
compare 0x8004 0x84 // the special returns the behaviour byte to 0x8004, and 0x84 is the behaviour byte used for signposts
if 0x1 goto @thetiletotherightoftheplayerisasignpost
goto @thetiletotherightoftheplayerisntasignpost
...